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Radical (gramm. / ling.): of or going to the root or origin; fundamental: a radical difference.

جذر

Randomness (ling.): proceeding, made, or occurring without definite aim, reason, or pattern: the random selection of numbers.

عشوائية

Range (ling.): the extent to which or the limits between which variation is possible: the range of steel prices; a wide range of styles.

مدى

Ramification (ling.): the act or process of ramifying.

تفرع

Rank (gramm.): a number of persons forming a separate class in a social hierarchy or in any graded body.

رتبة

Rank scale (ling.): (in systemic linguistics) a hierarchical ordering of grammatical units such that a unit of a given rank normally consists of units of the next lower rank, as, in English, the ordering sentence, clause, group or phrase, word, morpheme.

مقياس الرتبة

Raspberry (comm.): the fruit of any of several shrubs belonging to the genus Rubus, of the rose family, consisting of small and juicy red, black, or pale yellow drupelets forming a detachable cap about a convex receptacle.

تحية برونكس

Readability (app.): the state or quality of being readable.

مقروئية

Reading (comm.): the action or practice of a person who reads.

قراءة

Realism (comm.): interest in or concern for the actual or real, as distinguished from the abstract, speculative, etc.

الواقعية

Realization (ling.): the making or being made real of something imagined, planned, etc.

تحقيق

Rebus (comm.): a representation of a word or phrase by pictures, symbols, etc., that suggest that word or phrase or its syllables: Two gates and a head is a rebus for Gateshead.

تشكيل رمزي

Receiver (gramm.): a person or thing that receives.

مفعول به

Recipient (gramm.): a person or thing that receives; receiver: the recipient of a prize

مفعول به

. Reclassification (gramm.): to change the security classification of (information, a document, etc.).

تبديل وظيفي

Recomposition (gramm.): to compose again; reconstitute; rearrange.

اشتقاق قياسي

Reconstruction (ling.): an act of reconstructing.

ترسيس

Recoverability (gramm.): able to recover or be recovered: a patient now believed to be recoverable; recoverable losses on his investments.

استردادية 

Recursion (gramm.): the process of defining a function or calculating a number by the repeated application of an algorithm.

ترداد

Recursiveness (gramm.): pertaining to or using a rule or procedure that can be applied repeatedly.

تردادية

Reduction (comm. / phon.): the act of reducing or the state of being reduced.

اختصار

Redundancy (ling.): the state of being redundant.

فضل

Reduplication (gramm.): the act of reduplicating; the state of being reduplicated.

تكرار

 

 

Redundant (poet.): characterized by verbosity or unnecessary repetition in expressing ideas; prolix: a redundant style.

إحالة - إسناد

Reference (gramm.): an act or instance of referring.

مرفل

Reflectiveness (semio.): that reflects; reflecting.

مطاوعية

Reflexiveness (semio.): (of a verb) taking a subject and object with identical referents, as shave in I shave myself.

سليل

 

 

 

 

Reflex (ling.): Physiology. noting or pertaining to an involuntary response to a stimulus, the nerve impulse from a receptor being transmitted inward to a nerve center that in turn transmits it outward to an effector.

مطاوعية

Reflexivity (semio.): (of a pronoun) used as an object to refer to the subject of a verb, as myself in I shave myself.

مطاوعية

Reformulation (ling.): to formulate in a different way; alter or revise: to reformulate our plans.

إعادة الصوغ

Regimen (gramm.): Medicine/Medical. a regulated course, as of diet, exercise, or manner of living, intended to preserve or restore health or to attain some result.

عمل

Regionalism (socio.): Government. the principle or system of dividing a city, state, etc., into separate administrative regions.

لهجة محلية

Register (socio.): a book in which records of acts, events, names, etc., are kept.

انكفاء

Regression (physio.): the act of going back to a previous place or state; return or reversion.

نوعية اللغة

Regular verb (gramm.): A verb that follows standard patterns in its inflection. The past tense of a regular verb is formed by adding an -ed ending: walk, walked; shout, shouted.

فعل قياسي

Regularity (ling.): usual; normal; customary: to put something in its regular place.

قياسية

Regulation (phon.): a law, rule, or other order prescribed by authority, esp. to regulate conduct.

ضبط

Reinforcement (gramm.): the act of reinforcing.

تشديد- تعزيز

Reiteration (gramm.): to say or do again or repeatedly; repeat, often excessively.

إعادة

Relativity (ling.): the state or fact of being relative.

النسبية

Relativization (gramm.): to regard as or make relative.

وصل

Release (phon.): to make over (land, property, etc.), as to another.

إطلاق

Relevant (phon. / ling.): bearing upon or connected with the matter in hand; pertinent: a relevant remark.

تصويب 

Repair (ling.): to restore to a good or sound condition after decay or damage; mend: to repair a motor.

ذخيرة

Repetend (poet.): a word, phrase, line or longer element that is repeated, sometimes with variation, at irregular intervals in a poem.

مميز

Repertory (comm.): a type of theatrical presentation in which a company presents several works regularly or in alternate sequence in one season.

مكرور

Repetition (styl.): the act of repeating; repeated action, performance, production, or presentation.

تكرار

Rephrasing (ling.): to phrase again or differently: He rephrased the statement to give it less formality.

إعادة الصوغ

Replacement (gramm.): a person or thing that replaces another: summer replacements for vacationing staff; a replacement for a broken dish.

إبدال 

Representation (ling.): the act of representing.

تمثيل

Repudiation (gramm.): the act of repudiating.

جحد

Reshaping (ling.): to shape again or into different form.

إعادة الصوغ

Residue (clin.): something that remains after a part is removed, disposed of, or used; remainder; rest; remnant.

بقية

Resonance (phon.): the prolongation of sound by reflection; reverberation.

رنين- صدى

 

 

Resonant (phon.): resounding or echoing, as sounds: the resonant thundering of cannons being fired.

ران

Resonator (phon.): an appliance for increasing sound by resonance.

رنان

Response (psycho. / app.): an answer or reply, as in words or in some action.

استجابة

response time (psycho.): Psychology. the time consumed in making a response.

فسحة الاستجابة

Rest (poet.): the refreshing quiet or repose of sleep: a good night's rest.

وقف تعويضي

Restricted code (socio.): a style of language use associated with informal situations, characterized by linguistic predictability and by its dependence on the external context and on the shared knowledge and experience of the participants for conveying meaning.

شفرة محدودة

Restriction (sem.): something that restricts; a restrictive condition or regulation; limitation.

 

Restrictive (gramm.): tending or serving to restrict.

تحديدي

Retracted (phon.): to draw back or in: to retract fangs.

تخصيص (الدلالة)

مطبق

إرجاع 

Retraction (phon.): the act of retracting or the state of being retracted.

 

Retrievability (psycho.): to recover or regain: to retrieve the stray ball.

استحضارية

Retrieval (psycho.): the act of retrieving.

استحضار

Retroflex (phon.): bent backward; exhibiting retroflexion.

ثني

Retroflexion (phon.): a bending backward.

منثن

 

 

Reversal (ling. / psycho.): an act or instance of reversing.

تبادل

Revision (ling.): the act or work of revising

تشذيب

. Rewrite rule (gramm.): a phrase-structure rule in a generative grammar, shown as an instruction to replace or rewrite a single symbol, representing a syntactic structure, on the left with one or more symbols, representing the constituents of the structure, on the right, as in S → NP + VP, where S (sentence) is to be replaced with its constituents NP (noun phrase) and VP (verb phrase).

قاعدة التوسع

Rhetoric (styl.): (in writing or speech) the undue use of exaggeration or display; bombast.

علم البلاغة (مو)

Rhetorical question (gramm): a question asked solely to produce an effect or to make an assertion and not to elicit a reply, as “What is so rare as a day in June?”

سؤال استنكاري

 

Rhyme (poet.): correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds).

قافية

Rhyme scheme (poet.):  A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming lines in a poem or song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme.

نمط القافية

Rhythmical accent (poet.):  in music, momentary emphasis on a particular rhythmic or melodic detail; accent may be implied or specifically indicated, either graphically for example, >, —) or verbally (sforzato, abbreviated sfz).

نبر ايقاعي

Right -ear advantage (comm.):  the right ear is more sensitive than the left to simple sounds (peripheral right-ear advantage) and to processing complex sounds such as speech (central right-ear advantage).

أفضلية الاذن اليمنى

Rising diphthong (phon.): a diphthongs that begin with a less prominent semivowel and end with a more prominent full vowel, like [ɪ̯a] in "yard".

صائت ثنائي صاعد

Rolled (phon.):  uttered with a trill.

مكرر

Romance Languages (ling.): are a branch of the Indo-European language family comprising all the languages that descend from Latin.

اللغات الرومانسية

Root base (gramm./ling.):  words with their correct root word.

جذر أساسي

Root inflected languages (ling.): languages in which words change form according to grammatical function.

لغة متصرفة الجذور

Rule (gramm.):  a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice.

قاعدة