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Cacography (graph.): hard to read handwriting.

خط رديء

Calligraphy (graph.): The art of writing.

تجويد الخط

Calque (ling.): It means a loaned translation.

اقتراض بالترجمة

Capitalization (graph.): The usage of letters in its capital form like the initial letter in a name.

تكبير الحرف

Capsule sentence (comm.): A method used to write headlines.

جملة مركزة

Cardinal adjective (gramm.): a cardinal number used as an adjective.

نعت رئيسي

Cardinal number (gramm.): A cardinal numeral is a numeral of the class whose members are considered basic in form used in counting, and used in expressing how many objects are referred to.

عدد رئيسي

Cardinal vowels (phon.): Cardinal vowels are a set of reference vowels used by phoneticians in describing the sounds of languages.

الصوائت الرئيسية

Caretaker speech (psycho.): check baby-talk.

محاكاة الأطفال

Case (gramm.): Case is a grammatical category determined by the syntactic or semantic function of a noun or pronoun.

حالة إعرابية

Case concord (gramm.): when a case matches the names in which it comes with.

مطابقة الحالة الإعرابية

Case endings (gramm.): case inflections and diacritics.

علامات الإعراب

Case grammar (gramm.): A method of describing grammar.

نحو الحالات الإعرابية

Case inflections (gramm.): check case endings.

علامات الإعراب

Castless nouns (gramm.): A group of nouns that used to indicate non-rational things.

أسماء غير العاقل

Catch (phon.): The glottal catch.

همزة القطع

Causative object (gramm.): A causative is a grammatical or lexical indication of the causal role of a referent in relation to an event or state expressed by a verb.

مفعول له

Causative verb (gramm.): A causative is a grammatical or lexical indication of the causal role of a referent in relation to an event or state expressed by a verb.

فعل التعدية

Celtic languages (ling.): a word that is treated in pronunciation as forming a part of a neighboring word and that is often unaccented or contracted.

اللغة السلتية

Centre (physio.): The area in the middle of the tongue.

وسط اللسان

Cerebral (phon.): reflective.

لولبي

Character (graph.): A writing symbol or code in any writing system.

علامة كتابية

Checked vowel (phon.): A synonym for closed vowel.

صائت مغلق

Child grammar (psycho.): A grammar that describes the language used by children in their language development process.

نحو الأطفال

Child language (psycho.): The language used by children.

لغة الأطفال

Child language acquisition (psycho.): It describes how a child acquires his native language.

اكتساب الطفل للغة

Cipher alphabet (comm.): An alphabet that is encoded.

ألفباء مشفرة

Class dialect (socio.): one kind of social dialects.

لهجة طبقية

Clause negation (gramm.): A kind of negation that negates a whole clause.

نفي عباري

Clear l (phon.): The soft l that is produced with the help of the lips.

لام مرققة

Clinical linguistics (clin.): Clinical Linguistics is a sub-discipline of linguistics and involves the application of linguistic theory to the field of Speech-Language Pathology.

علم اللغة العيادي

Clipped (comm.): An adjective that describes any act of deleting a vowel or consonant in the language.

مختزل

Clipped word (gramm.): a word that has some deleted parts.

كلمة مختزلة

Closed vowel (phon.): A vowel that is located in a closed syllable.

صائت مغلق

Closing diphthong (phon.): A diphthong that is located in a closed syllable.

صائت ثنائي مغلق

Cluttering (clin.): A verbal defect that is a result of neurological tension.

لغط

Code switching (socio.): Code-switching is a linguistics term denoting the concurrent use of more than one language, or language variety, in conversation. Multilinguals, people who speak more than one language, sometimes use elements of multiple languages in conversing with each other.

تبديل الشفرة

Cognate accusative (gramm.): In linguistics, a cognate object (or cognate accusative) is a verb's object that is cognate with the verb. More specifically, the verb is one that is ordinarily intransitive (lacking any object), and the cognate object is simply the verb's noun form.

مفعول مطلق

Cognate object (gramm.): check above.

مفعول مطلق

Coherence (ling.): Used to describe how well a text is connect well organized.

تلاحم

Coherent (ling.): check above.

متلاحم

Coinage (comm.): The creation of a neologism, or new word.

وضع

Collective noun (gramm.): a collective noun is a word used to define a group of objects, where "objects" can be people, animals, emotions, inanimate things, concepts, or other things.

اسم الجمع

Collocated words (gramm.): The words that have Collocational relationships.

كلمات متضامة

Collocation (gramm. /sem.): Collocates are lexemes that co-occur with each other in natural texts.

تضام

Collocational rules (gramm. /sem.): The rules that specify how words are being collocated.

قواعد التضام

Colloquial language (socio.): The language that is used in everyday life.

لغة عامية

Colloquial speech (socio.): The speech used in normal everyday life between people.

كلام عامي

Colorless vowel (phon.): A synonym for the central vowel.

صائت محايد

Combinatorial semantics (sem.): A sub-branch of semantics that deals with meaning of words according to their structure order.

علم الدلالة التعاملي

Combinatory phonetics (phon.): A method used in phonetics to examine the affect of structure on sounds.

علم الأصوات التركيبي

Common case (gramm.): The genitive case.

حالة إعرابية مشتركة

Common error (app.): An error that is common among the language and occurs so often.

خطأ شائع

Common gender (gramm.): words that describe both kinds of gender.

جنس مشترك

Common language (comm.): check Colloquial language.

لغة دارجة

Common voice (gramm.): check active voice.

صيغة المبني للمعلوم

Communication theory (ling.): communication is also understood as the exchanging of understanding. Additionally the biocommunication theory investigates communicative processes within and among non-humans such as bacteria, animals, fungi and plants.

نظرية التواصل

Comparative adjective (gramm.): the comparative is the form of an adjective or adverb which denotes the degree or grade by which a person, thing, or other entity has a property or quality greater or less in extent than that of another, and is used in this context with a subordinating conjunction, such as than, as...as, etc.

نعت التفضيل

Comparative grammar (ling.): A branch of linguistics that study the grammar of two languages in comparison.

علم النحو المقارن

Comparative historical linguistics (ling.): A branch of linguistics that study the grammar of two languages in comparison through different periods in history. 

علم اللغة التاريخي المقارن

Comparative method (ling.): the comparative method is a technique for studying the development of languages. It requires the use of two or more languages.

منهج مقارن

Competence (ling.): the ability to speak and understand language.

مقدرة

Complementarity (sem.): The relation between two complementary words.

تكامل

Complete synonymy (sem.): A kind of synonymy where both literal and emotional meanings match.

ترادف معنوي

Complete verb (gramm.): A verb that can be used in all tenses.

فعل تام

Complex sentence (gramm.): A complex sentence is a sentence which includes at least one main clause, and at least one subordinate clause.

جملة معقدة التركيب

Complex transitive verb (gramm.): A verb that needs more than one object.

فعل متعدد المفاعيل

Complex word (gramm.): A word that consists of two morphemes one free and one bound.

كلمة معقدة

Component (gramm.): An element that changes in the structure of grammar in the language.

مكون

Componential analysis (sem.): Componential analysis, also called feature analysis or contrast analysis, refers to the description of the meaning of words through structured sets of semantic features, which are given as “present”, “absent” or “indifferent with reference to feature.

تحليل المكونات

Composite verb (gramm.): A verb that is consisted from two collocated elements yet, detachable.

فعل ثنائي العناصر

Compound (gramm.): a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word) that consists of more than one stem.

مركب

Compound adjective (gramm.): A compound modifier (also called a compound adjective or a phrasal adjective) is an adjectival or adverbial phrase of two or more words.

نعت مركب

Compound adverb (gramm.): An adverb that is consisted from two morphemes. For example, somewhere.

ظرف مركب

Compound noun (gramm.): a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word) that consists of more than one stem. Compounding or composition is the word-formation that creates compound lexemes (the other word-formation process being derivation).

اسم مركب

Compound personal pronoun (gramm.): A pronoun that is constructed from two words. For example, myself.

ضمير مركب

Compound phoneme (phon.): A phoneme that is consisted from two phonetics sounds.

فونيم مركب

Compound sentence (gramm.): a sentence consisting of multiple clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions and/or punctuation

جملة مركبة

Comprehension (ling. /psycho.): In general usage, and more specifically in reference to education and psychology, it has roughly the same meaning as understanding.

استيعاب

Computational linguistics (ling.): Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the statistical and/or rule-based modeling of natural language from a computational perspective.

علم اللغة الحسابي

Computer language (comm.): is a machine-readable artificial language designed to express computations that can be performed by a machine, particularly a computer.

لغة الحاسوب

Concordance (gramm.): in linguistics, a form of cross-reference between related words.

مطابقة

Concrete noun (gramm.): A concrete noun is a noun that refers to what is viewed as a material entity.

اسم العين

Conditional (gramm.): An adjective for the verb used in a condition.

شرطي

Conformity (socio.): Conformity is the process by which an individual's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are influenced by other people. This influence occurs in both small groups and society as a whole, and it may be the result of subtle unconscious influences, or direct and overt social pressure.

انسجام

Congruence (gramm.): Congruence is the state achieved by coming together, the state of agreement. The Latin congruere means to come together, agree. As an abstract term, congruence means similarity between objects.

مطابقة

Conjugation (gramm.): Grammatical conjugation, the modification of a verb from its basic form.

تصريف (الأفعال)

Conjunction (gramm.): a conjunction is a part of speech that connects two words, phrases or clauses together.

عاطف

Connected pronoun (gramm.): A synonym for the dependent pronoun.

ضمير متصل

Connecting consonant (phon.): A consonant that connects two linguistic units.

صامت رابط

Connecting vowel (phon.): A vowel that connects two linguistic units.

صائت رابط

Connotation (sem.): Connotation is a subjective cultural and/or emotional coloration in addition to the explicit or denotative meaning of any specific word or phrase in a language, i.e. emotional association with a word.

ايحاء

Connotative meaning (sem.): The meaning derived from the connotation.

معنى ايحائي

Conservative speech (socio.): the formal speech.

كلام رسمي

Consonant (phon.): A consonant is a sound made by a partial or complete closure of the vocal tract.

صامت

Constructional ambiguity (gramm.): is a term generally credited to Henry Kissinger, said to be the foremost exponent of the negotiating tactic it designates. It refers to the deliberate use of ambiguous language on a sensitive issue in order to advance some political purpose.

لبس تركيبي

Constructional homonymity (gramm.): A chain of linguistic units that represent unified meaning.

مجانسة تركيبية

Contemporary language (comm.): A language that is used in this time of age.

لغة معاصرة

Content (ling.): The content of any text in terms of semantic and dictionary meaning.

محتوى

Contextual analysis (ling.): The analysis of linguistics elements by looking at the context which they fall in.

تحليل سياقي

Contracted clause (gramm.): A clause that has been reduced.

عبارة مقلصة

Contrast (styl.): In linguistics and semantics contrast is a relationship between two discourse segments.

تقابل

Contrastive analysis (app.): Contrastive analysis is an inductive investigative approach based on the distinctive elements in a language.

تحليل تقابلي

Contrastive linguistics (app.): Contrastive linguistics is a practice-oriented linguistic approach that seeks to describe the differences and similarities between a pair of languages (hence it is occasionally called "differential linguistics").

علم اللغة التقابلي

Conventional implicature (ling.): Conventional implicature is an implicature that is part of a lexical item’s or expressions agreed meaning, rather than derived from principles of language use, and not part of the conditions for the truth of the item or expression.

استتباع اصطلاحي

Co-occurrence (gramm.): The systematic relationship between the different section of speak in a language.

تلازم

Cooing (comm.): The sound that the baby make in the first three months.

قرقرة

Co-operative principle (ling.): The cooperative principle is a principle of conversation that was proposed by Grice 1975, stating that participants expect that each will make a “conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange.”.

مبدأ التعاون

Copula (gramm.): A copula is an intransitivity verb which links a subject.

فعل رابط

Corpus (ling.): in linguistics, a large and structured set of texts.

متن

Correspondence (ling.): Words have similarities in two or more languages in different aspects.

مطابقة

Corrupt language (socio.): A language that is mix with other language (not pure).

لغة محرفة

Cross language comparison (ling.): check comparative linguistics.

مقارنة اللغات

Current word (comm.): A word that is used contemporary nowadays among people.

كلمة سائرة

Curtailed word (gramm.): check clipped word.

كلمة مختزلة